Master Boot Record (MBR), a small program that is executed when a computer boots up.
You can save your MBR with a simple DD-command to a file:
1 | dd if=/dev/sda count=1 bs=512 > /var/backup/MBR |
From this file you can restore your MBR very easy:
1 | dd if=/var/backup/MBR of=/dev/sdb |